Evaluación psicológica forense en el porte y la tenencia de armas: revisión sistémica
Forensic psychological assessment in firearm carrying and possession: a systematic reviewBarra lateral del artículo
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La regulación del acceso a armas de fuego requiere procedimientos de evaluación psicológica forense técnicamente fundamentados. El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar como la evaluación psicológica forense influye en el porte y la tenencia de armas. Se adoptó un diseño de revisión bajo la guía PRISMA, consultando cuatro bases de datos que incluyeron 20 estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2025. Durante el estudio se reveló que en el 70 % de los artículos identificaron la impulsividad, el consumo de sustancias y la ideación suicida como factores de riesgo centrales, y el 85 % recomendó protocolos multimétodo. Se concluye que la evaluación forense es una práctica autónoma, distinta de la clínica, que exige protocolos nacionales estandarizados, formación especializada y validación local de instrumentos para garantizar decisiones administrativo-jurídicas defendibles.
The regulation of access to firearms necessitates technically sound forensic psychological assessment procedures. This study aimed to analyze how forensic psychological assessment influences firearm carrying and possession. A systematic review design was adopted, following PRISMA guidelines, and involved consulting four databases, which yielded 20 studies published between 2020 and 2025. The study revealed that 70% of the articles identified impulsivity, substance use, and suicidal ideation as central risk factors, and 85% recommended multi-method protocols. It is concluded that forensic assessment is an autonomous practice, distinct from clinical practice, requiring standardized national protocols, specialized training, and local validation of instruments to ensure defensible administrative and legal decisions.
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