Apuestas deportivas y consumo de sustancias en adultos jóvenes: revisión sistemática
Sports betting and substance use among young adults: a systematic reviewBarra lateral del artículo
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Introducción: Las apuestas deportivas en línea crecen con fuerza entre adultos jóvenes y preocupan por su vínculo con el consumo de sustancias. Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de las apuestas deportivas en el consumo de sustancias en personas de 18 a 35 años. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con síntesis narrativa según PRISMA 2020, con búsqueda en PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y SciELO. De 220 registros identificados, se incluyeron 20 estudios empíricos, cuya calidad metodológica se evaluó mediante listas del Joanna Briggs Institute. Resultados: Los hallazgos evidenciaron que el alcohol fue la sustancia más frecuente con 100 % de los estudios núcleo, seguido por tabaco con 67 %. Además, la coexistencia fue positiva en 78 % y más intensa en consumo y apuesta el mismo día. Conclusión: Las apuestas deportivas y el consumo de sustancias presentan una asociación frecuente, especialmente con el alcohol, aunque la heterogeneidad metodológica limita las comparaciones y la inferencia causal.
Introduction: Online sports betting is growing rapidly among young adults, raising concerns about its association with substance use. Objective: To analyze the influence of sports betting on substance use among individuals aged 18 to 35 years. Method: A systematic review with narrative synthesis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO. Of the 220 records identified, 20 empirical studies were included, and their methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. Results: Alcohol was the most frequently examined substance, reported in 100% of the core studies, followed by tobacco (67%). A positive association between sports betting and substance use was reported in 78% of the studies, with a stronger association when betting and substance use occurred on the same day. Conclusion: Sports betting and substance use are frequently associated, particularly in relation to alcohol consumption, although methodological heterogeneity limits comparisons across studies and causal inference.
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